| Artificial Propagation of Yellow Perch |
| Pond Culture of Yellow Perch in Central China |
| Protein and Amino Acid Content of Yellow Perch Meat |
| Chromosomes of Big Mouth Buffalo |
|
Jiaxi Wang1 Changzheng Wang2
Shaohua Hu3 David A. Culver4 Lin Wu5 Aihua He1 Jiang Chang6 Min
Guan1 1Hubei Provincial Fisheries Institute, 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC(E-mai:chinafish1@263.net) 2 Kentucky State University (wang1@mis.net) 3Asian and Pacific Aquaculture Ltd(Wuhan). 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC(E-mail:chinafishery@263.net) 4Dept. Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. (e-mail:culver.3@osu.edu) 5Biology Department, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio, 44601, USA. <e-mail:wuli@muc.edu> 6Hubei Province Foreign Experts Bureau |
| Following the successful culture of yellow perch
into maturity, we developed propagation procedures for yellow perch.
Females were kept separated from males before the spawning season
began. Spawning occurred naturally or by an injection of PG at 1.5-2.5mg/kg
for females and at 0.75-1.25 mg/kg for the male fish. The eggs were
allowed to hatch in the spawning pond, net cage with flowing water
or incubators specially designed for European wells incubation and
fry nursing. Natural spawning occurred in March when water temperature reached 13-18℃. Spawning activities were more frequent from midnight to the next morning. Spawning also occurred approximately 40 hours after injection of PG and PG injection was more effective when water temperature was near 16℃. The eggs of yellow Perch were kept together by a gelatinous coating in strings as long as 50 cm . Net cage with flowing water was the best for the hatching to occur. Newly hatched fries were slim with only 0.3-0.4 cm in body length. They fed mainly on rotifers. Fries could be reared in small-sized cement ponds or earth ponds with more than 90% surviving rate. It was critical to provide planktons with 100 microns in length as soon as the fries started feeding, usually 3-4 days after hatching .Up to 3000-4000 fries were produced from each female fish and the fries grew to 2-3 cm in length 30-40 days after hatching .In conclusion, yellow perch can spawn in central China naturally or by hormone injection |
|
Changzheng Wang1 Jiaxi Wang2
Shaohua Hu3 Min Guan2 David A. Culver4 Lin Wu5 Aihua He2 Lin Zhang2
Jiang Chang 6 1Kentucky State University wang1@mis.net 2Hubei Provincial Fisheries Institute, 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC(E-mail:chinafishery@263.net) 3Asian and Pacific Aquaculture Ltd(Wuhan). 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC (E-mai:chinafish1@263.net) 4Dept. Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. . (e-mail:culver.3@osu.edu) 5Biology Department, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio, 44601, USA. <e-mail:wuli@muc.edu 6Hubei Province Foreign Experts Bureau |
| Yellow Perch was introduced from America to central
China in June, 1997. Its biological characteristics, nutritional
needs and culturing techniques have been studied to assess the feasibility
of yellow perch culture there. A cement pond, 150 square meters
in size with 1 meter water depth and an earth pond, 2000 square
meters in size with 2-3 meter water depth were used for the present
study. Yellow perch fingerlings were stocked at 0.7 fish/square
meter and 1.4 fish/square meter for the cement pond and the earth
pond respectively. Yellow Perch was fed twice daily tubifex, small
fish and compound feeds with 33.6% crude protein. The feeding times
were set at 8:00 am and 5:00 pm every day. When the temperature
was as high as over 38℃ in the summer, the ponds were shaded. The
pond temperature was monitored daily and adjusted to the acceptable
range below 38℃ with cool lake water. Sometimes the pond water was
replaced once a week. During the 14 months of study, Yellow Perch
reached an average body weight of 204g, ranging from 150g to 450g.
The results indicated that Yellow Perch can be cultured in cement ponds and earth ponds in the central China. Although water temperature could be as high as 38℃ or higher, Yellow Perch can go through the Summer safely as long as precautions, such as shading structure and cool water introduction, are taken to keep the pond temperature below 38℃ Yellow Perch can be trained easily to feed on prepared feeds in a fixed location at a set time. They appear resistant to common fish diseases and survive well with rough handling and shipping. The growth rate was relatively low. But it may increase as yellow perch becomes more adapted. Overall, our results suggest that yellow perch could be produced through pond culture in central China. It would help to diversify the fish species and increase profits for the Chinese aquaculture industry. |
|
Jiaxi Wang1 Lin Zhang1 Shaohua
Hu2 Changzheng Wang3 David A. Culver4 Lin Wu5 Min Guan1 Jiang
Chang 6 Aihua He1 1Hubei Provincial Fisheries Institute, 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC(E-mai:chinafish1@263.net)) 2Asian and Pacific Aquaculture Ltd(Wuhan). 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC2 (E-mail:chinafishery@263.net 3 Kentucky State University wang1@mis.net 4Dept. Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. (e-mail:culver.3@osu.edu). 5Biology Department, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio, 44601, USA<e-mail:wuli@muc.edu. 6Hubei Province Foreign Experts Bureau |
| The objective of this study was to determine the protein and amino acid content of yellow perch meat. 5 males and 5 females weighing 25g were used in the study. Crude protein was determined by “Kate micro-auto-determine machine”. Amino acids were determined after the meat was ground and digester. Yellow Perch meat contained 77.60% moisture, 1.66% fat, and 1.24% ash. The protein content of Yellow Perch was 18.87% , much higher than that of black carp (15.8%), bighead carp (15.3%), crucian carp (14.0%), Richardson (14.9%), channel Catfish (16.31%), crab(14.0%), Soft-shell turtle (17.3%), river shrimp (17.5%). The total content of 17 kinds of amino acids was 17.34%, higher than that of mandarin fish (16.67%) and the total content of 4 kinds of fresh taste amino acids wad 7.4%, higher than that of mandarin fish (6.34%), channel catfish (6.36%), catfish (5.35%), Richardson (5.3%). Particularly, glutamic acid was 0.5% higher than that of mandarin fish. Our results indicate that the protein content and amino acid profiles of yellow perch are superior to those of other fish species more commonly produced in China |
|
Jiaxi Wang1 Changzheng Wang2
Shaohua Hu3 Aihua He1 Min Guan1 Jiang Chang4 Lin Zhang1 1Hubei Provincial Fisheries Institute, 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC(E-mai:chinafish1@263.net) 2 Kentucky State University wang1@mis.net 3Asian and Pacific Aquaculture Ltd(Wuhan). 96 Donghu Road, Wuchang, 430071, Hubei, PRC(E-mail:chinafishery@263.net) 4Hubei Province Foreign Experts Bureau |
| The objective of this study was to characterize
the chromosomes of Big Mouth Buffalo [Ictiobus Cyprinellus (Valenciennes)].
Renal cells were obtained from 15 males and 15 females 18-20 month
old with body weight between 325 and 975g. Slices of the renal cells
were stained with Giemsa and the chromosomes were examined and photographed
under a microscope. The karyotype was determined on the enlarged photographs. The appearance of chromosomes is classified according to the arm ratio. metacentrics (m) with arm ratio of 1.0-1.7; Submetacentrics(sm) with the arm ratio of 1.7-3.0; subtelocentrics (st) with arm ratio of 3.1-7.0) and Telocentrics with the arm ratio of 7.0-∞ The chromosome arm number of metacentrics and submetacentrics was 2 whereas the chromosome arm number of subtleocentrics and telocentrics was 1. Our results showed that renal cells had twice the chromosome number of body cell. There were 6 pairs of metacentricses (m), 10 pairs of submetacentricses (sm), 24 pairs of subtelocentricses (st), and 60 pairs of telocentricses (t). The Karyotype formula was 6m+10sm+24st+60t and the chromosome arm number (NF) Was 116. |